Place:Gwithian, Cornwall, England

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NameGwithian
TypeCivil parish
Coordinates50.221°N 5.386°W
Located inCornwall, England
See alsoPenwith Hundred, Cornwall, Englandhundred in which it was located
Redruth Rural, Cornwall, Englandrural district in which it was located 1894-1934
West Penwith Rural, Cornwall, Englandrural district in which it was located 1934-1974
Redruth Registration District, Cornwall, Englandregistration district of which it was part 1837-1974
source: Family History Library Catalog
the following text is based on an article in Wikipedia

Gwithian (Cornish: Godhyan) is a coastal village in west Cornwall, England. It is three miles (5 km) northeast of Hayle and four miles (6.5 km) east of St. Ives, Cornwall across St Ives Bay.

Until 1934 Gwithian was a separate civil parish within Redruth Rural District. In 1934 Gwithian and its neighbouring civil parish of Gwinear were transferred to West Penwith Rural District where they were merged into the single civil parish of Gwinear-Gwithian.

History

the text in this section is copied from an article in Wikipedia

Gwithian Towans cover the site of a Bronze Age farm which has been excavated although no remains are visible. The church and relics of St Gwithian or Gocianus, built in 490, were uncovered from the beach and dunes during the early part of the 19th century, but were then allowed to be reclaimed by the shifting sands. Gwithian is the patron saint of good fortune on the sea. Charles Henderson wrote in 1925 that the "oratory ... is more perfect than the Oratory at Perran, having been less meddled with, though it is probably not so ancient". According to H. O'Neill Hencken there is the "remains of church, possibly early, buried in sand".

According to tradition there was in the sandy waste between the village and the sea a city of Connor. From Norman times there was a manor here called Connerton which was the paramount manor of the hundred of Penwith. The lords of the manor were bailiffs of the hundred and they held courts and enjoyed the rights of wreck for the coast between Porthtowan and Prussia Cove at least so late as 1580. The importance of this manor may have derived from it being the seat of a Celtic prince in early times. The current church was established further inland in the 15th-century but only a few fragments of this building remain incorporated in the lychgate of Edmund Sedding's church of 1866 (the tower however is the original one of the 15th century.)

The Hundred of Penwith had its ancient centre at Connerton, now buried beneath the sands of Gwithian Towans. (A hundred was a former Celtic 'keverang', an administrative unit which was sub-divided into tithings.) In the Geld Inquest of 1083, only seven hundreds are found in Cornwall, identified by the names of the chief manors of each: Connerton, Winnianton, Pawton, Tybesta, Stratton, Fawton and Rillaton (corresponding to Penwith, Kerrier, Pydar, Powder, Trigg, West Wivel and East Wivel). Connerton was held at the time of the Domesday Survey by King William and had been held by Brictric and then by Queen Matilda before him. In 1086 there was land for 40 ploughs and 30 villagers, 20 smallholders and 30 serfs are recorded. There was a mill, 300 sheep, 40 wild mares and 21 other animals. The institutions of the hundred were moved to Penzance in 1771 (or earlier) following large successive inundations of blown sand. A portion of the manor at Connor Downs was sold by auction in 1883; the mineral and manorial rights were not sold with the land.


There is a Cornish cross in the churchyard.

Chesten Marchant, who died in 1676 at Gwithian, is believed to have been the last monoglot Cornish speaker (as opposed to Dolly Pentreath of Paul who could speak English as well.

Research Tips

One of the many maps available on A Vision of Britain through Time is one from the Ordnance Survey Series of 1900 illustrating the parish boundaries of Cornwall at the turn of the 20th century. This map blows up to show all the parishes and many of the small villages and hamlets.

The following websites have pages explaining their provisions in WeRelate's Repository Section. Some provide free online databases.

  • GENUKI makes a great many suggestions as to other websites with worthwhile information about Cornwall as well as providing 19th century descriptions of each of the ecclesiastical parishes.
  • FamilySearch Wiki provides a similar information service to GENUKI which may be more up-to-date.
  • A Vision of Britain through Time has
  1. organization charts of the hierarchies of parishes within hundreds, registration districts and rural and urban districts of the 20th century
  2. excerpts from a gazetteer of circa 1870 outlining individual towns and parishes
  3. reviews of population through the time period 1800-1960
  • More local sources can often be found by referring to "What Links Here" in the column on the left.

https://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/CON/Jacobstow

This page uses content from the English Wikipedia. The original content was at Gwithian. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with WeRelate, the content of Wikipedia is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License.